Greenhouse Gas Removal

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New Module UNDER DEVELOPMENT

This module explores greenhouse gas (GHG) removal, with a focus on land-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies, their effectiveness, and their policy and economic contexts.

We begin with an introduction to GHG removal, outlining key policy drivers, economic incentives, and the necessity of carbon removal alongside emissions reduction. Next, we examine carbon accounting and valuation, exploring how carbon is measured, who gets to count it, and how markets and policies shape the viability of different removal methods. The module then covers major CDR approaches, starting with Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), a leading bio-based removal method. We also explore alternative uses of biomass while BECCS technology and markets develop. Biochar, peatland restoration, enhanced rock weathering with basalt, and afforestation are examined in terms of their benefits, risks, and scalability. We also address non-land-based, engineered solutions such as Direct Air Carbon Capture, discussing its potential and limitations. Finally, we explore monitoring, evaluation, and modeling of CDR strategies. This includes assessing the effectiveness of different removal methods, challenges in measurement, and potential tools like Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). We link this back to earlier discussions on carbon valuation and policy, considering how measurement uncertainties impact investment and implementation.

By the end of this module, students will have a critical understanding of GHG removal strategies, their feasibility, and the challenges in implementing and scaling these solutions in real-world contexts.

Contents

• Introduction
• Who gets to count Carbon?
• Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS)
• Alternative uses for Biomass while BECCS market & technology develops
• Biochar: Pros and cons
• Peatland
• Basalt – Enhanced Rock Weathering
• Afforestation
• Emerging Technologies
• Monitoring, Evaluation, Modelling

Assessments and Learning Outcomes for this module can be found HERE

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Qualifications which this Module may be Used Towards

PGCert Nuffield Farming Scholarship	Option
MSc Agrifood Innovation	Option
MRes Agrifood Innovation	Option
Professional Doctorate in BioInnovation	Option

Tutors

Tutors Name
Dr Kenton Hart

Contributing Researchers

Researchers Name	Organisation	Link
Prof Iain Donnison	IBERS